Individuos políticamente descontentos con la democracia. Evaluación de los determinantes del voto por VOX relacionados con el régimen
Autores/as
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Lisa Zanotti
Universidad Diego Portales
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5515-3686
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José Rama Caamaño
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3990-1696
Resumen
Este artículo analiza la relación existente entre derecha radical populista y apoyo a la democracia. Para ello, estudia el caso de VOX. En este sentido, la formación de Santiago Abascal, resulta particularmente interesante ya que encaja en la definición de derecha radical populista pero en su discurso, el radicalismo es mucho más fuerte que el populismo. Además, el partido presenta rasgos idiosincrásicos únicos y que juegan un papel fundamental a la hora de entender su voto. Así, por ejemplo, el nacionalismo se expresa a menudo mediante alusiones al período predemocrático en España sin adherirse explícitamente al franquismo. Dos son los principales resultados de este estudio. Por un lado, evaluando el discurso de VOX, especialmente su programa electoral, encontramos que sus líderes aluden recurrentemente a la España predemocrática tanto en temas concretos como en símbolos. En segundo lugar, mostramos que aquellos que expresan un menor apoyo al régimen democrático fueron más proclives a votar a VOX quea otras fuerzas políticas, al menos en las últimas elecciones generales de noviembre de 2019. Además, encontramos que los valores autoritarios, el descontento político y la idea romántica de un pasado glorioso, interactúan con el apoyo al régimen y ayudan a explicar el voto a VOX. Aunque sea necesario un estudio comparativo para evaluar más a fondo esta relación, este artículo puede dar una primera pista de que, haciendo hincapié en el pasado autoritario de su país, algunos partidos de la derecha radical populista consiguen éxito político movilizando a aquellos electores que están menos comprometidos con la democracia.
Palabras clave:
Vox, Democracia, Pasado, Autoritarismo, FrancoReferencias
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